Hollow-mandrel lathe



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. HARLEY. HOLLOW MANDRBL LATER.

Patented May 5, 1896.

lf2/Vania ffy/7V Fw "Z preferably three in number. These mandrels PATENT EEroE.

JOHN HARLEY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

HOLLOW-MAN DREI. LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,578, dated May 5, ieee.

Application iiled April 1,1895. Serial No. 543,984. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may con/cern.-

Be it known that I, JOI-1N HARLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of lVayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in I'Iollow-Mandrel Lathes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates more specifically to a hollow-mandrel lathe adap tedfor either turning or re-turning small and iiexible rods, and is especially designed for the manufacture of whips.

The invention consists in the means employed for guiding the work while operated upon by the cutter, and, further, in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and combination of parts.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram elevation of my lathe. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one of the mandrels showing the guide-jaws. Fig. 3 'is a cross-section on line Fig. Fig. -1 is a cross-section on line Q] y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on line z, Fig. 2, showing the jaws in a different position. Fig. 6 is a detached perspective view of one of the jaws. Fig. 7 shows a modification. Fig. S is a longitudinal section through the mandrel carrying the finishing-cutter. Fig. il is a cross-section therethrough. Fig. l0 is an elevation of a whip-blank, and Fig. ll is an elevation of the finished whip.

A is the bed or frame of the machine, upon which are journaled in suitable bearings B one or more hollow mandrels C, C', and C2,

are arranged in axial line with each other and each is provided with a drive-pulley D.

E are self-centerin g feed-rolls arranged in front and rear of each mandrel.

F is a feed-table, and G is a pusher or starter bar, adapted to be intermittently operated to feed a blank from the table F into engagement with the feed-rolls.

The mechanism for imparting motion to the feed-rolls and starter-bar may be of any suitable construction, and I have therefore omitted showing it in the drawings.

The hollow mandrel G carries the roughingcutter, adapted to round up the square portion of the blank. The mandrel C carries the shaping-cutter and the mandrel C2 the finishing-cutter, which I will now describe in detail.

The mandrel C' is provided on opposite sides with the apertures o, in which are arranged the curved or substantially loonshaped guide-jaws II and Il', adapted to be moved correspondingly toward or from the axis of the mandrel. Both jaws are grooved so as to embrace the work, and the jaw II preferablyY carries the knife or cutter.

In the drawings I have shown the jaws II and II pivoted to the mandrel between the lugs b thereon by means of the pivot-pin c and operated by a sleeve I, longitudinally slidingly secured to the mandrel. Each jaw comprises the guide portion d, the actuatingarm e, and the counterweight portion f. The portion d is provided with a longitudinallytapered grooved bearing-surface g, of such a form that as the jaw is swung upon its pivot toward or from the axis of the mandrel it will at all times present aconcave bearing-surface to the work, the radius of the curve of which is substantially its distance from. the axis.

The jaw II forms a shave, which is centrally apertured at la, and projecting into this aperture from opposite sides are the bit or shave-knife i and the wear-platej, secured, respectively, in slots 7e k in the jaw by the set-screw Z. Both knife and wear-plate are curved to conform to the shape of the jaw, and the former may be set to take up any desired cut. The jaw Il" is also preferably provided with an adjustable wear-plate m.

The arms epass out through the slot cin the mandrel, being inclined to the axis thereof, and engage with suitable bearings on the sleeve I, such as the inclines n and adjustable plates o. The sleeve is revolved with the mandrel by the feather p and is moved longitudinally by the rock-arm .I engaging with the collar K.

L is a rock-shaft carrying the arm L. M is the actuating-arm provided with an antifriction-roll O, adapted to rest on the cam P', which latter is driven by suitable connection (not shown) with the feed mechanism and is properly timed therewith.

The construction of the parts carried by the mandrel C2 may be the same as the mandrel C if the lathe is to be used for turning IDO v wood only, the knife being set to take a finer out; but where the machine is used for turning whips having whalebone cores I employ the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9, in which the jaws H2 and H3 carry grooved cutter-wheels Q, the periphery of each being roughened or file cut. The movement of these jaws is governed by a cam R and intervening mechanism similar in construction to the cam I In practice the operation of the machine is as follows: Then the lathe is used for turning whips,the blanks, generally composed of a wooden handle-section S and a reed-section T, glued together, as shown in Fig. l0, are piled upon the table F and one at a time are placed by the operator in front of the starter G. This at the proper time pushes the blank into engagement with rthe feedrolls, which carry it through the mandrels.

In passing through the mandrel. C the squarey portion of the blank is rounded up. Upon entering the mandrel C the mechanism is so timed that the jaws II and II are in their inmost position and present a funnel-shaped bearing-surface to the end of the blank, which is reduced in size by the shave-knife i toa diameter equal to the smallest distance be tween the jaws. As the blank is fed on, the jaws open out, and in so doing present a con stantly enlarging or expanding bearing-surface to the work, holding it Afrom lateral displacement while operated upon by the knife and producing a conical or tapered rod, as shown in Fig. ll.

One of the leading features of my lathe is that with it I am enabled to turn from tapered stock or return rods of varying diametersuch as fork-handles, rbc. rlhis, so far as I am aware, has never been successfully accomplished by hollow-mandrel lathes l1eretofore used, for the reason that only the largest part of the rod can be guided or supported while operated upon by the cutter; but my construction is provided with what may be termed an expansible an( contractible guide, which closes in and opens out correspondingly to the movement of the cutterarm and at all times embraces the work.

I have found by actual use of my lathe that I am enabled to turn flexible rods to less than one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter and taper them from that to one inch or more in size.

W'hile I have shown and described two oppositelyarranged guide-jaws, I do not wish to be limited to this precise construction, as a single guide-jaw of my construction either carrying the cutter or moving correspondingly toward uor from the axis of the mandrel may be sufticient :for a certain class of work, The

two jaws, however, I deem to be the preferable construction.

lVhat I claim as my invention isl. The combination with a hollow mandrel having longitudinal slots therein, of a curved guide-jaw carried by said mandrel, and working in one of the said slots, a cutter carried by the mandrel and working in the other slot. and means adapted to move said guide-jaw and cutter correspondingly toward or from the axis of the mandrel, substantially as described.

2. The combination with ahollow mandrel of a guide-jaw pivoted to said mandrel provided with an eccentric taper-grooved bearing-surface, a cutter carried by the mandrel, and means for moving said guide and cutter toward and from the axis of the mandrel, sul stantially as described.

3. The combination with a hollow mandrel having oppositelyarranged slots therein, curved guide-jaws carried 'by said mandrel and adapted to be moved in said slots correspondingly toward or fromA the axis of the mandrel, and a cutter carried by one of said guide-jaws, substantially as described.

et. The combination with a hollow mandrel` of a shave pivotally mounted on said mandrel, said shave comprising a guide-j aw curved longitudinally of the mandrel and groovcd transversely of the axis of the mandrel, and a bit or knife, and means for moving said shave in the plane of and toward and from the airis of the mandrel, substantially as de` scribed.

5. The combination with a hollow mandrel. of a shave pivotally mounted on said man drel, comprising a guide-jaw curved longitudinally of the mandrel and groovcd; trans versely of the axis of the mandrel, abit or knife, and a wear-plate ad justably secured to said jaw, and means for moving said shave in the plane of and toward and from the axis ol' the mandrel, substantially as described.

C. The combination with a hollowinandrcl. of a shave carried by said mandrel comprising a pivoted guidejaw having an eccentric curved taper-grooved surface, a bit or knitx and a wear-plate conforming to the curve ol' the jaw and adj ustably secured thereto.

7. rlhe combination with a hollow mandrel of a guide-jaw pivoted to said mandrel and comprising an inwardly-bowed arm on one side of the pivot, forming the guide-surface and actuating-arm, and a counterweight-arm on the other side of the pivot. A

8. Ina lathe, the combination of the hollow mandrel carrying cutters, a iinishing-mandrel in line therewith, oppositely-arranged jaws carried by said last-named mandrel curved in a longitudinal plane passing through the axis of the mandrel, grooved cutter-wheels on said jaws, and means for moving said jaws corro spondingly toward and from the axis of the mandrel, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix. my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HARLEY. iVitnesses:

M. B. ODoG-HERTY, O. F. BARTHEL. 

